Internal combustion engine



April A. MOORHOUSE 1,954,090 F INTERNAL cousus'rlon ENGINE Filed Dec.2a, 1929' g'rwmtoz ALFRED Noam-mus:

, Patented Apr. 10, 1934 PATENT OFFICE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Alfred Moon-house, Detroit, Mich, .assignorto Packard Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of MichiganApplication December 26, 1929, Serial No. 416,545

0 Claims. (01. 123-115) Y My invention relates to internal combustionengines and particularly to improvements in pumps for the circulation ora cooling medium for such engines.

In my Patent l lo. 1,519,155, granted December ill, was, I havedisclosed an internal combustion engine having a cooling system whichineludes a-pump situated in a casing at the trout oi the cylinder block;and operated by the means m which revolves the usual cooling fan. Thecasing is shown integral with said block, and has suitable ports andpassages for connecting the pump with both the jacket for the coolingmedium enveloping the engine and the radiator in w ii'ont oi the fan forlowering the temperature of the cooling medium as it comes from thejacket in a more or less heated condition. The pump oi this invention isof similar design and adapted to be similarly operated.

- an object of the invention herein is to provide a pump which is oi,the general type above men-- tioned, but-which is simpler inconstruction and costs less to manufacture, yet is characterized by thesame high, emciency and capacity.

A iurther object of the invention is to provide a cooling pump with anenclosing casing therefor,

made as part of the cylinder block of the ennine in such a manner thatthe casing can be easily and. inexpensively shaped and finished to 39enable the pump to be operatively mounted therein and connected to themember which delivers the power to drive said pump.

an additional object ofthe invention is to pro-- vide a pump having theform of a rotary impellcr with blades or vanes extending from the centertowards the circumference; and with a shroud or screen open at thecenter, armed to the edge of the blades on the inlet side of the pump,to rotate'withsaid This shroud 0 not only strengthens the impeller, butalso it enable the interior of the enclosingcasing to be mbre readilyadapted to permit the impeller to assume its'proper position in thecasing.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a rotary impellerpump for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine with meansfor adequately taking the end-thrust of the pump. I

- Other objects and advantages will appear from the followimrspecification, taken with the drawing illustrating a preferredembodiment of my invention. 1 This description, however, is explanatoryonly and I reserve the right to make changes which do not depart fromthe principle of the inv vention, or exceed the scope and meanings ofthe broad terms in are expressed.

0n the drawing:

. Fig. 1 shows in axial section a. pump accordwhich the appended claimsing to my invention; with part oi an internal combustion engine withwhich it is intended to be used; and.

Fin. 2 is a. iront view at a detail.

The numeral 1 indicates the front end of the cylinder block of aninternal combustion engine: this block containing a suitable number ofalined. cylinders, one of which is shown in part at 2. The engine has ajacket 3 enveloping the cylinders of the block 1 and enclosing a space4i to permit the circulation oi water or some other suitable coolingagent to keep the temperature of the engine within the desired limits.Cast integral with the blo ch l and at the end thereof near the top is acasino 5 enclosing a pump compertinent 6. This casing also hasan inletchamher '7, separated how the compartment c by a web or partitionsextending downward from the top nearly to the lower edge of the casing,and connected to the front or the casing by a web 9. The partition oconstitutes the rear wall of the compartment 6. The web 9 may becylindrical, no that the compartment 6 is round. A portion of thecasing" t is beneath the lowest point of the web a, and this portionenables the chamber 7 to be united through a port it to a. pipe whichleads to the bottom of the radiator usually 1oca'ted in front of theengine. This radiator is not shown on the drawing, but its constructionand location are well understood.

The web or partition 8 has an inlet port il leading to the compartment6; and the pump or impeller 12 therein is shown as comprising blades orvanes 13 extending from the center to the circumference. The blades areattached at their inner ends to a hub 14, which is secured to a shaft15'by a screw 16. Any suitable number 0! blades may be used and they maybe straight, as indicated in Fig. 2, or have some other-form,

if pre erred. At their inner ends the blades are no wider than the axiallength of the hub 14,

but the edges 1'7 of these blades adjacent the web. 8 curve away fromthe hub toward the'web B and then extend out from the axis of the shaft15, and parallel with the web 8'. To the portions of the edges of thevanes parallel with the web 8 is aflixed a shroud or screen 18, whichhas the form of a flat disk or ring with an opening in the centeradjacent'the port 11. The face of the web 8 is counterbored, to providea shallow recess 19 in which the shroud 18 is disposed. This recess maybe of greater diameter than that of the shroud; and the recess'19 andpump 12 need not be concentric. Owing to the outline of the edges 17 ofthe .vanes, as set forth above, the curved portions of these edges andthe inner edge of the shroud 18 define an unobstructed space 20 at thecenter of the pump between the hub and the inlet opening 11, and thisspace allows the cooling medium to be drawn easily from the chamber 7into the compartment 6 to be acted upon by the pump 12.

The outlet from the compartment 6 to the cooling jacket is illustratedat 21, but the connection between the outlet '21 and the cooling jacket3 does not appear on the drawing. After passing through the coolingjacket 3 the cooling medium such as water flows from the upper part ofthe engine into the top of the radiator of the engine,through theradiator in a downward direction, and back into the casing 5 throughport 10. If desired the portion of the cooling space 4 shown on thedrawing may have a connection at its top leading directly-to the line offlow from the engine to the top of the radiator, and the chamber 7 mayalso be directly connected through a suitable by-pass with the radiator,as set out in my patent aforesaid.

The casing 5 has an opening 22, closed by a cover 23. The opening 22 isshown as of the same diameter as the recess 19 but larger than the inletopening 11 and the recess 19 and open- I ing 22 can be formed in oneboring operation. The cover has a flange 24, between which and thecasing is a packing or gasket 25, and bolts 26 may be employed toholdthe cover in place. The inner face of the cover may be concave andconical and the adjacent end of the pump may have the edges of the vanesthereat inclined slightly to the axis of rotation so as to be ofcorresponding shape. The center of the cover has a bearing 27 receivinga sleeve 28 on the shaft 15. This sleeve is threaded at its outer end toenable a packing gland 29 to be screwed thereon, and within the glandand abutting the outer end of the sleeve is packing 30. A screw 31 inthe bearing 27 engages and binds the sleeve 28.

As will now be apparent the pump 12 can be mounted in the casing 5 so.that it requires but little clearance between the cover 23 and the web8, and this clearance can be accurately determined and maintained solong as end play of the shaft 15 is prevented. This end can be gained bythe manner in which the outer end of the shaft 15 is supported andconnected to rotate I the pump. i

The cover bears an integral bracket 32, extending forward from the outerface of the cover above the shaft 15 and'carrying at its outer end abearing 33. The shaft 15 projects through this bearing and carries atits front extremity a hollow head 34 to which are attached the fanblades 35, as by screws 36. This head has a keyway to receive a key 37on the shaft. The ring or bearing 33 has an annular inside shoulder 38and receives within it the outer raceway element 39 of a-ball or similarbearing, that fits against the shoulder 38. The balls of this bearingare indicated at 40, and on the shaft 15 is the complementary racewayelement 41. This ball bearing not only antifrictionally supports theshaft.

15, but it also counteracts the end thrust of the impeller when thelatter rotates and draws the cooling water into the compartment 6. Forthis purpose the shaft 15 has an integral collar or the like, 42, andthe fan head 34 has an inside hub. 43, within which is the key-way 44above mentioned. The elements 39 and 41 of the antifriction bearing liebetween the collar 42 and hub 43 and the fit of these parts is made withsuch closeness that the shaft may run freely but no looseness exists toallow axial movement of the shaft 15.

The front end 45 of the shaft 15 is threaded and thereon is screwed anut 46, with a washer 47 to hold the fan head 34. The inside hub 43 ofthe fan head extends back to the raceway element 41 and is surrounded bya centrally perforated cap 48, having a rim 49 held on the front end ofthe bearing 33 by screws 50. Within this cap is a ring 51, whichco-operates with the ring 48 to hold suitable packing 52 surrounding thehub 43. The ring 51 is angle-shaped in cross section, and has its inneredge bent outward as indicated at 53. Within the cap 48 is also a washer54 which encircles the shaft 18, and lies between the hub 43 and theraceway member 41. This washer is concave and its rim surrounds theturned over edge 53 of the ring 51.

Within this bearing 33 is a second and smaller annular shoulder 55, onthe opposite side of the elements 39 and 41; and this bearing carries aring 56, angle-shaped in cross section like the '54 may engage aperipheral groove 57 in the shaft 15 between the member 41 and collar42.-

The packings 52 may be of. suitable material to prevent the escape oflubricant from the bearing parts.

Hence by properly dimensioning the parts involved, I need only totighten the nut 46 to draw the collar 42 on one side and the hub 43 onthe other against the element 41. The balls or like members 40 preventrelative movement of the elements 39 and 41 along the axis of the shaft15, and as the member 39 is held between the shoulder 38 and cap 48, allend thrust on the shaft 15 is counteracted and axial play of this shaftis prevented. The shroud 18 of the impeller thus revolves safely out ofcontact with but close to the web 8 and the hub 14 is properlypositioned relative to the sleeve 28.

The head 34 has an integral grooved wheel or pulley 58 for the belt 59to drive the fan and with it the pump 12.

In practice the water is drawn into the space 20 at the middle of theimpeller and flows out between the vanes 13 into the compartment 6,which leaves a space all around the pump, and the water is dischargedfrom the casing 5 through the port 21.

Hence with a pump of this type the construction is greatly simplified,the cost is reduced, the parts can be accurately proportioned and fittedtogether, and the mode of operation is eflicient and certain. At allspeeds of the engine the pump will cause the cooling medium to circulateat sufflcient velocity and in sufficient volume to keep the temperatureof the engine within ends to define a space enveloped by said vanes andcommunicating with the intervals between the latter, and a shroud rigidwith the vanes and having a central opening leading to said space.

2. The combination of a cylinder block having a cooling jacket and acasing, an impeller having a hub in said casing, a shaft to which thehub is affixed, the shaft projecting from one end of the hub outside ofthe casing, vanes atllxed to the hub, a shroud rigid with the vanesadjacent the opposite end of the hub, and means engaging the projectingportion of the shaft to prevent end-play thereof and enable the hub, thevanes and the shroud to rotate close to the interior surfaces of thecasing at both ends of said impeller.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination oi a casing havingan opening in each of its opposite walls, a cover for one of saidopenthrusts of the impeller.

lugs, anda pump impeller in said casing supported by said cover andhaving an end shroud partly closing the other 01- said openings.

4.- In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing havingan end wall and an opening opposite the end wall, said end wall havingan opening smaller than the opposite opening, a cover for the largeropening, a pump impeller supported by said cover and having an endshroud adjacent said end wall and shrouding a portion of the opening insaid end wall.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the com- I bination of a casinghaving a side opening therein, a recess in the wall of the casingopposite said opening, a cover for said opening, 'a pump impellersupported by said cover and having an integral end shroud extending intosaid recess. 6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of acasing having a side opening therein, a recess in the wall of the casingopposite said opening, a cover for said opening, a pump impellersupported by said cover and having an integral end shroud extending intosaid recess, and means outside of the casing to take the end

